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Hidden Markov Model (HMM)

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Hidden Markov Model (HMM)  VIDEO LINK:  https://youtu.be/YIGCWNG8BIA A Hidden Markov Model (HMM) is a statistical model in which the system has hidden states that cannot be directly observed, but produce observable outputs. It is based on the Markov property, meaning the next state depends only on the current state. Video Chapters: HMM in Artificial Intelligence 00:00 Introduction 00:31 Statistical Model 00:54 HMM Examples 02:30 HMM 03:10 HMM Components 05:23 Viterbi Algorithm 06:23 HMM Applications 06:38 HMM Problems 07:28 HMM in Handwriting Recognition 11:20 Conclusion  HMM COMPONENTS A Hidden Markov Model (HMM) is a statistical model in which the system has hidden states that cannot be directly observed, but produce observable outputs. It is based on the Markov property, meaning the next state depends only on the current state. An HMM consists of states, observations, transition probabilities, emission probabilities, and initial probabilities. It is commonly used in a...

Python For Beginners - Python Basics

PYTHON FOR BEGINNERS

# Variables: Used to hold Values

x = 200

y = 2

z = x+y

print(z)

OUTPUT: 202

# Careating Strings in Python

r = 'Create stings'

print(r)

d = 'Don\'t Give Up'

print(d)

OUTPUT  
Create stings

Don't Give Up
#Hold Values in Strings
val = 50
disp = 'My Value is %s'
print(disp % val)
OUTPUT: My Value is 50


#placeholder different variables - replace stings
msg = '%s: Python is good'
msg2 = '%s: Yes'
c1 = 'Roy'
c2 = 'Jhon'
print(msg % c1)
print(msg2 % c2)

OUTPUT  
Roy: Python is good
Jhon: Yes

#Hold Multiple Values 
Hold= 'Add %s and %s'
num1 = 23
num2 = 65
print(Hold % (num1,num2))
OUTPUT: Add 23 and 65

#String Multiplication
print(3 * 'R')
OUTPUT: RRR

#How to use Space/Tab
Space = ' ' * 10
print('%s Hello' % Space)
print()
print('%s Life = Peace' % Space)

OUTPUT  : 
           Hello

           Life = Peace

#Create a String List and access Values from it.
SimpleList = ('Peace, Smile, Nature, Birds, Animals')
#Display My List
print(SimpleList)
OUTPUT: Peace, Smile, Nature, Birds, Animals

MyList = ['Peace', 'Smile', 'Nature', 'Birds', 'Animals']
print(MyList[2])

OUTPUT: Nature
print(MyList[1:3])
OUTPUT: ['Smile', 'Nature']

#Add a new item to the List
MyList.append('Care')
print(MyList)
OUTPUT : ['Peace', 'Smile', 'Nature', 'Birds', 'Animals', 'Care'] 

#Remove Item from List
del MyList[4]
print(MyList)
OUTPUT : ['Peace', 'Smile', 'Nature', 'Birds', 'Care'] 

#Join Multiple List
L1 = ['Math Digits']
L2 = [0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9]
print(L1 + L2)

OUTPUT : ['Math Digits', 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9] 

#IF Else Statements
#Indentation: use same number of spaces else indentation error will occur
a = 10;
if (a>=50):
    print('a is Greater')
else:
    print('a is less than 50')

OUTPUT: a is less than 50

#IF and ElseIF statement
b = 10;
if (b>=50):
    print('b is Greater')
elif (b == 50):
    print('b is equal to 50')
else:
    print('b is less than 50')

OUTPUT: b is less than 50

#Conditions Combination
c = 12
if (c<=5 or c>= 10):
    print('Today is Your Birthday')
    print('Happy Birthday To You :)')
else:
    print('Every Day is New Day!')

OUTPUT: 
Today is Your Birthday
        Happy Birthday To You :)

#FOR LOOP: Print any String Multiple Time
for x in range (0,5):
    print('Good Day!')

OUTPUT: 
Good Day!
Good Day!
Good Day!
Good Day!
Good Day!

#FOR LOOP: Print String and Values
for x in range (0,3):
    print('Student %s' % x)

OUTPUT: 
Student 0
Student 1
Student 2

#Display Color List
ListC = ['red','black','green','blue','yellow']
for r in ListC:
    print(r)

OUTPUT: 
red
black
green
blue
yellow

#While Loop
x = 5
y = 32
while (x<16 and y<65):
    x = x+5
    y = y+6
    print(x,y)
OUTPUT:
10 38
15 44
20 50

#Function in Python: Name, Parameter, and Body
def fun(name):
    print('Hello %s' % name)

#Function Calling
fun('Roxy')

OUTPUT: Hello Roxy

#Variable and Scope
def var():
    v1 = 2
    v2 = 3
    return v1*v2
print(var())

OUTPUT: 6

#Time
import time
print(time.asctime())

OUTPUT: Wed Oct  5 13:31:04 2022






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