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Hidden Markov Model (HMM)

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Hidden Markov Model (HMM)  VIDEO LINK:  https://youtu.be/YIGCWNG8BIA A Hidden Markov Model (HMM) is a statistical model in which the system has hidden states that cannot be directly observed, but produce observable outputs. It is based on the Markov property, meaning the next state depends only on the current state. Video Chapters: HMM in Artificial Intelligence 00:00 Introduction 00:31 Statistical Model 00:54 HMM Examples 02:30 HMM 03:10 HMM Components 05:23 Viterbi Algorithm 06:23 HMM Applications 06:38 HMM Problems 07:28 HMM in Handwriting Recognition 11:20 Conclusion  HMM COMPONENTS A Hidden Markov Model (HMM) is a statistical model in which the system has hidden states that cannot be directly observed, but produce observable outputs. It is based on the Markov property, meaning the next state depends only on the current state. An HMM consists of states, observations, transition probabilities, emission probabilities, and initial probabilities. It is commonly used in a...
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Manta Ray Foraging Optimization (MRFO) Algorithm Example

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Manta Ray Foraging Optimization (MRFO) Algorithm  Manta Ray Foraging Optimization (MRFO) Algorithm Example Step 01: Initialize Population Size Suppose, Population Size = 4; Lower Bound = -10; Upper Bound = 10; Maximum Iteration = 4; Suppose Initial Population  1.1  2  0.9  3 Step 02: Compute Fitness Value for each using fitness function. Fitness Values 1.21 4 0.81 9 Step 03: Obtain Best Solution Best solution = Minimum Fitness Value in the current population Best Solution = 0.81 Step 04: Check Stopping Criteria While (Current < Maximum Iteration)  1 < 4   ((True) move to next step )  If stopping criteria is then stop and return the best cost. Step 05: Update Position for each individual. For i = 1 to PopulationSize For i = 1:4 If (rand < 0.5)  THEN Cyclone Foraging Else Chain Foraging End if Step 06: Compute Fitnee Value for Each individual and Select Best Individual. Step 07: Perform Somersault Foraging.  Step 08: Co...
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