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Hidden Markov Model (HMM)

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Hidden Markov Model (HMM)  VIDEO LINK:  https://youtu.be/YIGCWNG8BIA A Hidden Markov Model (HMM) is a statistical model in which the system has hidden states that cannot be directly observed, but produce observable outputs. It is based on the Markov property, meaning the next state depends only on the current state. Video Chapters: HMM in Artificial Intelligence 00:00 Introduction 00:31 Statistical Model 00:54 HMM Examples 02:30 HMM 03:10 HMM Components 05:23 Viterbi Algorithm 06:23 HMM Applications 06:38 HMM Problems 07:28 HMM in Handwriting Recognition 11:20 Conclusion  HMM COMPONENTS A Hidden Markov Model (HMM) is a statistical model in which the system has hidden states that cannot be directly observed, but produce observable outputs. It is based on the Markov property, meaning the next state depends only on the current state. An HMM consists of states, observations, transition probabilities, emission probabilities, and initial probabilities. It is commonly used in a...

Face Recognition using Local Binary Patterns (LBP) [2/2] ~xRay Pixy

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Face Recognition Using Local Binary Pattern (LBP) Multi-Block LBP is popular in texture recognition and is used for facial features extraction and detection has been used. The local binary operator is used for the calculation of binary patterns in digital images. The extracted features of the input images are displayed using the binary image. Binary images used two-pixel values and color black and white. The calculation of the local binary pattern is shown in Figure 3. A comparison of every neighboring pixel is done with the center pixel is done. If the neighbor pixel value is greater or equal (>=) to the center pixel value than we will assign 1 and if the neighbor pixel is smaller (<) than the central pixel than assign 0. Steps to calculate the binary patterns for face facial feature extraction and face detection are given below: Algorithm: Multi-Block LBP is used to encode the rectangular region’s intensity by using local binary patterns. Local Binary Pattern (LBP) looks at ni...
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