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Hidden Markov Model (HMM)

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Hidden Markov Model (HMM)  VIDEO LINK:  https://youtu.be/YIGCWNG8BIA A Hidden Markov Model (HMM) is a statistical model in which the system has hidden states that cannot be directly observed, but produce observable outputs. It is based on the Markov property, meaning the next state depends only on the current state. Video Chapters: HMM in Artificial Intelligence 00:00 Introduction 00:31 Statistical Model 00:54 HMM Examples 02:30 HMM 03:10 HMM Components 05:23 Viterbi Algorithm 06:23 HMM Applications 06:38 HMM Problems 07:28 HMM in Handwriting Recognition 11:20 Conclusion  HMM COMPONENTS A Hidden Markov Model (HMM) is a statistical model in which the system has hidden states that cannot be directly observed, but produce observable outputs. It is based on the Markov property, meaning the next state depends only on the current state. An HMM consists of states, observations, transition probabilities, emission probabilities, and initial probabilities. It is commonly used in a...
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Role of Cryptography in Information Security |Cryptography Techniques

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Topics Covered: Role of Cryptography in Information Security.

1.) What is Cryptanalysis?

Cryptanalysis is a technique decoding messages from a non-readable format back to a readable format.

2.) What is Plain text?

Plain text means Clear text/ Original Message. Plain Text can be understood by anybody knowing the language. For Example Communication Language used here: English and Message: Hello Everyone 

Plain Text = Clear Text [the message that can be understood by both sender and receiver and also by anyone else who gets access to that message].

3.) What is the Cipher Text?

Ciphertext means Codified Message / Encrypted Message / Unreadable Message. When Plain Text is Encrypted, the resulting message is Cipher Text.

4.) What is Encryption? 

The Process of Converting from Plain text to Cipher Text. Also known as Enciphering. 

5.) What is Decryption?

The Process of restoring the Plain text from Cipher Text. Also known as Deciphering. 

6.) Elements of a Cryptographic operation. 

7.) Substitution Techniques [caesar cipher]

In the substitution cipher technique, the character of plain text is replaced by other characters, symbols, or numbers.  An example of a Substitution Cipher is Caesar Cipher. 

Caesar Cipher Example:

Replace each letter of the alphabet with the letter standing three places down the alphabet.

Video Link: https://youtu.be/ltap81q-yBw

#informationsecurity 


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